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Emergency Medicine Cases

Best Case Ever 8: Acute Dyspnea

Emergency Medicine Cases

Dr. Anton Helman

Education, Health & Fitness, Courses, Medicine, Science

4.7602 Ratings

🗓️ 2 March 2012

⏱️ 9 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Acute Dyspnea has a wide differential diagnosis from Metabolic Acidosis to Medically Unexplained Dyspnea. As a bonus to Episode 21 on Pulmonary Embolism and Acute Dyspnea, Dr. John Foote the CCFP(EM) residency program director at the University of Toronto presents his Best Case Ever related to an Acute Dyspnea presentation. In the related episode on Pulmonary Embolism we havet, with Dr. Foote, the triumphant return of Dr. Anil Chopra, the Head of the Divisions of Emergency Medicine at University of Toronto . We kick it off with Dr. Foote’s approach to undifferentiated acute dyspnea and explanation of Medically Unexplained Dyspea (‘MUD’) and go on to discuss how best to develop a clinical pretest probability for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism using risk factors, the value of the PERC rule, Well’s criteria and how clinical gestalt plays into pretest probability. Dr. Chopra tells about the appropriate use of D-dimer to improve our diagnostic accuracy without leading to over-investigation and unwarranted anticoagulation. We then discuss the value of V/Q scan in the workup of PE, and the pitfalls of CT angiography. A discussion of anticoagulation choices follows and the controversies around thrombolysis for submassive PE closes the podcast. [wpfilebase tag=file id=384 tpl=emc-play /] [wpfilebase tag=file id=385 tpl=emc-mp3 /]

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

In anticipation of episode 21 on respiratory emergencies, I have with us Dr. John Foote, who's going to tell us about his best case ever when it comes to a patient who presents to the emergency apartment with dysmia.

0:32.1

The case that I'm going to present is maybe not as dramatic as some of the other cases that have presented on the best cases ever,

0:38.3

but this is certainly my most memorable respiratory case.

0:42.3

I was working in our department in the RAS area, which is for the less acutely ill-appearing patients.

0:50.3

I was asked to see a 44-year-old professor from a local university who'd come in complaining of increasing exertional shortness of breath over the ensuing three weeks.

1:01.0

Now, he was triaged to this less acute area of the emergency department because triage vital signs were very unremarkable.

1:09.0

The saturation on Romare was 97% Respiratory rate, I'm not sure

1:13.5

if it was actually measured at the triage. It was 20, and I did look, and I would confess that I didn't

1:19.5

measure it myself, but it did not appear to be elevated. His heart rate, his pulse was 54 and regular,

1:25.9

and his blood pressure was in the normal range.

1:28.0

I was on no medications.

1:29.3

He was a non-smoker.

1:31.1

He did not look pale.

1:33.0

And he was, came in, he walked in with his laptop and all of his research, looking very

1:38.0

comfortable.

1:38.5

And I think the feeling of the people I was working with and the nurses in the area where

1:41.8

that this guy is just anxious about his research

1:44.7

and that there's nothing terribly wrong and I went in a bit with that bias myself. Prior to me

1:49.9

seeing him, the nurses hadn't done blood work, but they did do an ECG. The ECG showed sinus rhythm

1:56.1

with as again, and the heart rate was in the 50s. And the only abnormality I could see,

2:01.7

which I initially thought they were just nonspecific T-wave changes.

2:05.1

If you look a bit more closely,

...

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