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Emergency Medicine Cases

Best Case Ever 38 Sickle Cell Acute Chest Syndrome

Emergency Medicine Cases

Dr. Anton Helman

Education, Health & Fitness, Courses, Medicine, Science

4.7602 Ratings

🗓️ 11 August 2015

⏱️ 6 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Sickle Cell Acute Chest Syndrome remains the leading cause of death in patients suffering from Sickle Cell Disease. In his Best Case Ever, Dr. Richard Ward, a hematologist with a special interest in Sickle Cell Disease, describes a case of a Sickle Cell Disease patient who presents with what appears to be a simple pain crisis, but turns out to be a devastating Acute Chest Syndrome. He gives us the key clinical pearls and pitfalls to make this often elusive diagnosis early so that life-saving treatment can be initiated in a timely manner. This is in anticipation of the upcoming episode on The Emergency Management of Sickle Cell Pain Crisis with Dr. Ward and Dr. John Foote.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Best case ever.

0:01.8

Best case ever.

0:09.8

Yes, this is EMK's Best Case Ever, and I'm your host by Dr. Richard Ward, a sickle cell disease specialist from Toronto General Hospital.

0:36.2

He's going to tell us his best case ever when it comes to a

0:39.2

sickle cell pain crisis gone bad. Dr. Ward, let it rip. Thanks, Anton. So I suppose this is not

0:47.2

really a best case ever. It's most disastrous misadventure I've come across in sickle cell.

0:53.4

So this is a 24-year-old gentleman who

0:55.5

presented to Janus General Hospital with a sickle cell pain episode. It had about a three-day

1:01.7

history of adrenalized bone pain, quite typical for his sickle cell, a little bit of a cough,

1:07.4

a little bit breathless, but nothing that he really played up too much when he was

1:10.7

interviewed by the emergency physician. His vital signs were quite stable. He had a little bit

1:16.5

of hypoxia, O2 saturations were about 92% on air, blood pressure and heart rate was fairly

1:23.2

normal. And the examination, he had a few crackles at the lung basis, but nothing particularly

1:29.1

dramatic or concerning to the emerged physician. And the liver and spleen were not enlarged.

1:34.6

There was no sign of any ulceration or osteomyelitis going on. And his routine blood works were

1:41.2

fairly unremarkable for someone's sick or cell. So his hemoglobin was about 70, which is more or less his baseline.

1:47.6

His bilirubin was slightly high in keeping with ongoing chymolosis from his sickle episode.

1:53.3

And his renal function was normal, with a low normal creatin as we would expect for someone

1:57.8

who's hyper-filtrating from some sick or renal disease.

2:02.7

So there are really no red flags for the emergency physician.

2:05.9

He was parked and emerged and monitored over the next few hours.

2:09.9

Now, unfortunately for him, this was not just a simple pain episode.

...

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