Hello everyone and welcome to Amunpur. Here's what's coming up. White smoke from the Vatican

signals a new Pope will have the details. Plus, on the 80th anniversary of VE Day, the winds of war

still blow in Kashmir as India-Pakistan tensions escalate and in Ukraine where Russia's

land war continues to rage on European soil. Our guest today spanned the history of the post-World

War II order. First, Leon Panetta, who served in crucial leadership roles as the American-led

project evolved.

Then, distinguished historian Margaret McMillan for her perspective on relations between powers then and now.

And later, Michel Martin speaks with Representative Ayanna Presley,

who's raising the alarm over detentions of international students in the United States.

Welcome to the program, everyone. I'm Pristiana Manpur in London. There is a new Pope,

as white smoke from the Vatican signals the Catholic Church does have its new leader, and we'll

bring you the latest this hour. But first, today's 80th anniversary of victory over the Nazis in Europe feels like an occasion for reflection more than celebration, as threats escalate in India and Pakistan, where two nuclear powers, neighbors, are locked in conflict over the contested region of Kashmir.

For much of the past eight decades,

America would have taken the lead on de-escalating,

but President Donald Trump is staying on the sidelines for now.

My position is I get along with both.

I know both very well, and I want to see them working out.

I want to see them stop.

And hopefully they can stop now. They've gotten tit for tat, so hopefully they can stop now.

But I know both. We get along with both the countries very well, good relationships with both,

and I want to see it stop.

Meanwhile, Russia's brutal war of aggression on Ukraine drags on.

...