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Mull-a-light, get the good going.

This is world's greatest con.

I'm Brian Brushwood.

The following two sentences sound absolutely incompatible.

And yet, to the best of our research, there is no question that both of them are absolutely true.

In the 1670s, Isaac Newton invented calculus.

In the 1670s, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz invented calculus.

For the next several decades in journals, colleges and conferences, they battled it out about who copied who.

Each one of them was certain that the work they put into this mathematical breakthrough was

the foundation for the other.

And yet today, as I speak to you, we know this as an example of multiple discovery.

It's the concept in science and art that two individuals totally independent of

each other can come up with the exact same idea and publish it at the exact same time.

And it happens more often than you'd think.

In the 18th century, oxygen gets discovered by Carl Wilhelm Sheel,

Joseph Priestley, Antoine L'Ovoise. gets discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheel,

Joseph Priestley, Antoine L'OSuee, and others.

The theory of evolution gets independently advanced

in the 1800s by both Charles Darwin

...