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Witness History

Albania’s Stalinist purges

Witness History

BBC

History, Personal Journals, Society & Culture

4.41.6K Ratings

🗓️ 1 November 2022

⏱️ 12 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In the 1970s, Albania’s Stalinist leader, Enver Hoxha, launched a new series of purges against government ministers and officials, following numerous purges in previous decades. Those accused of being ‘enemies’ of the ruling Party of Labour were executed or received lengthy prison sentences. Their families were punished too. Many were sent into internal exile and forced to work in the fields. Rob Walker speaks to Kozara Kati whose father was imprisoned in 1975. She spent 15 years in a camp with her mother, brother and sister. Rob also hears from Fred Abrahams, long term researcher and writer on Albania, who is the author of ‘Modern Albania: From Dictatorship to Democracy in Europe’. (Photo: Enver Hoxha embraces Chinese Leader Yao Wen-Yuan 1967. Credit: Keystone-France, Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

Transcript

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0:00.0

Hello there, thanks for downloading the Winner's History Podcast from the BBC World Service.

0:09.7

I'm Rob Walker.

0:10.7

Today, what it was like to live in Stalinist Albania in the 1970s, a time of extraordinary

0:16.8

fear and paranoia, when the dictator Emvahodja ruled the country with an iron hand, and

0:22.3

opponents real or imagined were frequently arrested and sometimes executed, will be hearing

0:27.8

from someone who survived one of those purges.

0:34.6

We had a good life, my mum was working as an economist, my father was a minister, we

0:41.0

were all working with quite a decent salary.

0:45.4

In 1974, Kazara Cassie was 26 and married with a two-year-old son.

0:50.8

Her father was a senior government official responsible for foreign trade, and for families

0:55.6

like hers, many aspects of life in Albania were good.

0:59.1

I was a young teacher and I was a lovely teacher to my children, and I can see that now, because

1:07.0

now I'm old enough to see the respect they pay to me now, I love that.

1:16.8

But even for those close to the inner circle like Kazara and her family, danger was always

1:21.9

present.

1:23.1

The control of the state was pervasive with a very elaborate security structure, so essentially

1:29.0

zero dissent was tolerated.

1:32.0

Even the slightest act, saying that the shop has no cheese today, could land you in prison.

1:39.2

Fred Abraham's works for human rights watch, he's been researching and writing about Albania

1:43.7

for many years, and he says that back then, everything in the country revolved around

1:48.4

its leader.

1:49.6

The dictator and indisputed a nipotent leader, Enver Hoja, controlled everything in the

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