You're listening to gender, a wider lens.

I'm Stella O'Malley, a psychotherapist in Ireland.

And I'm Sasha Ayad, an adolescent therapist in the United States.

Since 2016, my practice has been exclusively dedicated to gender questioning teens

and families impacted by gender dysphoria.

I also work with gender questioning teenagers and I facilitated support meetings for families and

individuals who have been impacted by gender issues. We're curious about the

concept of gender and how it's unfolding in the wider culture. Join us as we look at gender through a wider lens.

Susan Bradley is Professor Emerita at the University of Toronto.

She graduated with her medical degree in 1966 and completed her residency in psychiatry at the

University of Toronto from 1968 to 1972. In 1975 she became the founder of the Gender Identity Clinic for Children and

Adolescents at the Clark Institute of Psychiatry. In 1985 Dr. Bradley handed over the head position to Dr. Ken Zucker, who we interviewed in episode 59.

She co-authored or authored over 50 articles on various forms of psych pathologyology, including gender identity disorders and children and adolescents.

After stepping down as the psychiatry in chief at the HSC, she spent almost 20 years consulting to the children's mental health agencies around the

Greater Toronto Area, with a special interest in children with autism spectrum disorder who

are high functioning.

Dr Bradley retired in 2010. This conversation

was an incredible opportunity to hear Susan give her extremely informed long-term

perspective on gender non-conforming children and their treatment.

She describes what she calls the naivety of early clinicians who put too much trust in the

endocrinologists eager but scientifically weak recommendations.

Looking back, she worries that puberty blockers were just facilitating transition,

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