Coming up on today's show.

Adding spores to a gut microbiome in three weeks,

increase the diversity of the gut microbiome by almost 25 to 30 percent.

And it increased the growth of keystone species,

and it brought down pathogens. So the spores are like the

police or the orchestrator of the microbiome. The point of fermented foods is not to deliver

bacteria to your system because those bacteria are designed to

ferment the food outside of the body. The moment you eat them,

stomach acid is going to kill all those bacteria. So fermented foods are foods that

now contain nutrients that the food naturally did not contain and those

new nutrients come about from the fermentation process.

Natural actual make which are using traditional techniques can be very beneficial for you right because they have all these amazing organic

assets in them but store-botchia in the bottle is not even kambuc. All these companies started competing with each other on this billions of CFU's idea.

They started creating this false notion that the potency and efficacy of a probiotic is dependent on its C if you count, when it actually is not.

Kieran, what would you say an optimal microbiome looks like and why is that essential when it comes to our

health? That's a million maybe a billion dollar question but you know when you

when you look at the tens of thousands of research studies that look at the health and function of the microbiome,

there's one theme that seems to be present across the board, and that one is that high diversity in the gut

microbiome is absolutely paramount to health right so so one of the best features of a healthy microbiome is that it's high in

diversity. Now there's a number of reasons why that provides functionality,

protection, resilience, and so on. So when we think about it,

number one, let's go to our genes, right? Genes dictate a lot of functionality within the body.

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