Om, Bhadram Karnephishinu Yamadeva,

Bhadram Pashya Bhirya jatra,

Stirae, Tushawagum, Sastanubhi,

Biashehemadeva Hithayy,

Svithin Indra, V Indra Vridhhrava,

Svastinah fusha,

Veshwavedha,

Svastana,

Svastar,

Aryhaspati-redhāthir-dhāthātha.

Oanthi, shanty, shanty, shanty. All right. So we were studying the fourth and last chapter of the Mandukya Karika.

In this final chapter called Alatashanti Prakarana Gaurapada is taking on several other philosophies.

Now why is he doing that? Why is he picking a fight with all these other philosophers?

The reason is that in the previous chapter in Adwaita Prakarana, has made a very remarkable claim stunning claim that this universe which we are looking at he is saying it has not originated at all non-origination

a jathavada that's the one hallmark standard feature of Gordapada's adwaita Vedantha, he says this universe has not originated at all.

Now this puts him at odds with every other philosopher in his time, even down till today.

Because all of them say that there is this universe, And once you say that the universe is there,

it seems very obvious, you have to explain it.

How did it come?

Explanation basically means giving a cause.

Explanation is answering the question why.

And why basically means that you have to give a cause.

...