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Subject to availability, serving time supply. Hello, my name's David Rundsenman and this is past-present future, the History of Ideas podcast.

Today, to the day, is the 50th anniversary of the 1975 referendum on Britain's membership of

the European community, the first Europe referendum. Regular PPF contributor Robert Saunders

published in 2018 the definitive history of that referendum and he's joining us today to explore what it meant for Britain's

history, for Europe's history, and why in so many extraordinary ways it was different from the

Brexit referendum in 2016. Robert, I think to make sense of the 1975 referendum, we have to do a bit of deep context here.

This was a referendum that took place to decide whether Britain would remain a member of the EC, the European community,

but Britain had only been a member for two and a half

years. So the country joined on the 1st of January 1973. My first question is, why did it take

Britain so long to join the European community? And given it took so long, why did Britain join

at all? I think there's often a sense that Britain stayed out of the European community early on in a kind of spasm of irrationality or a kind of orgy of complacency about its status as a victor power.

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