4.7 • 21.6K Ratings
🗓️ 28 November 2022
⏱️ 153 minutes
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0:00.0 | I look at Gotham my friends and what do I see? |
0:02.5 | Gangs roam the streets attacking it will. |
0:05.2 | Stress-related illness, crime, murder. |
0:08.0 | Their society is collapsing around them just like Universe 133. |
0:12.5 | These words spoken by the supervillain, the rat catcher, |
0:15.5 | to an audience of rats in a 1995 Batman comic |
0:18.5 | embody a popular suspicion of the metropolis. |
0:21.6 | Of the city gone bad, riddled with crime, |
0:23.9 | overpopulation and interpersonal violence. |
0:26.8 | They also reflect the influence of one John B. Calhoun, |
0:30.3 | an animal ecologist who studied the effects of crowding on social animals, |
0:34.2 | specifically rats and mice, at the National Institute of Mental Health. |
0:38.0 | Calhoun's early research was published in 1962 |
0:40.7 | and went on to become some of the most widely referenced in psychology for a time. |
0:44.9 | But odds are like me, you've likely never heard of Calhoun in his weird experiments. |
0:49.3 | The Universe 133 mentioned in the Batman comic is a direct reference |
0:52.7 | to one of Calhoun's specifically constructed rodent universes. |
0:56.6 | Inclosures, where the animals were provided with plenty of food, |
0:59.9 | bedding, and shelter and allowed to breed. |
1:02.1 | The enclosure was designed to be a veritable rat or mouse, |
1:05.0 | Calhoun ran experiments on both rodents, paradise. |
1:08.4 | All their needs were taken care of. |
... |
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