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Short Wave

Why Black Holes Are More Than They Seem

Short Wave

NPR

Daily News, Nature, Life Sciences, Astronomy, Science, News

4.7 β€’ 6K Ratings

πŸ—“οΈ 4 February 2025

⏱️ 14 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Black holes are notorious for gobbling up, well, everything. They're icons of destruction, ruthless voids, ambivalent abysses from which nothing can return β€” at least, according to pop culture. But black holes have another side: Astrophysicists have seen powerful jets, sometimes millions of light-years long, shooting out of supermassive black holes – including the one at the center of our own galaxy. So today, we're getting to know the other side of black holes, and the powerful role they may play in creating and shaping the cosmos.

Read more about the Blandford-Znajek process.

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Transcript

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0:00.0

This is Tanya Mosley, co-host of Fresh Air, and I just talked to Pamela Anderson about her big career comeback after years in the tabloids and not being taken seriously.

0:10.4

She's entered a new era on stage and screen.

0:13.7

Suzanne Summers had a great line. She said, you can't play a dumb blonde and be a dumb blonde.

0:19.0

Find this interview with Pamela Anderson wherever you listen to fresh air.

0:23.4

You're listening to Shortwave.

0:26.1

From NPR.

0:28.5

In pop culture, black holes have developed this reputation for gobbling things up.

0:33.2

Being these points in the universe where all matter, even light, is inescapably sucked up into this extraordinarily dense black void.

0:41.3

They're often seen as sort of cosmic vacuum cleaners.

0:46.3

Just sucking in all the material gas and stars that stray clothes.

0:52.3

That's pre-imbada Natarajan,

0:55.0

an astrophysicist at Yale University

0:56.8

who focuses on black holes,

0:59.3

specifically how extremely large ones came to be.

1:03.1

And Priya says these supermassive black holes,

1:05.5

like the one in the center of our own Milky Way galaxy,

1:08.1

are more than just cosmic vacuum cleaners.

1:12.7

Because when black holes eat material immediately around them, they create this bright disc, like a glowing

1:17.8

donut. But... What is counterintuitive is that we do see very powerful jets of material

1:25.6

that are actually expelled from them as well.

1:30.3

Basically, black holes are really messy eaters,

1:33.3

so not all the dust and gas they eat, make it down the hatch.

...

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