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Jesus said to his disciples: “Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets. I have come not to abolish but to fulfill. Amen, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not the smallest letter or the smallest part of a letter will pass from the law, until all things have taken place.” Matthew 5:17–18

Sometimes it can be challenging to reconcile the Old Testament with the New Testament. In addition to the Ten Commandments, the Old Testament is filled with countless other commandments. The Pharisees, in their attempt to preserve and interpret the Law of Moses, identified 613 specific commandments. While the Pharisees sought to preserve the Law through detailed commandments, the prophets continually called Israel back to a deeper fidelity to the covenant. Many of the prophets also spoke of the coming of the Messiah and foretold a new spiritual law that would be written on the heart.

In today’s Gospel, Jesus proclaims that He has not come to abolish the Law or the Prophets, but to fulfill them. To “fulfill” means that Jesus brings the Law and the Prophets to completion, perfecting them and elevating them into the New Covenant of grace. This fulfillment achieves the true meaning of the Law, moving beyond external observance to the interior transformation of the heart. Jesus fulfills the moral demands of the Law by addressing not only external actions but also the interior dispositions of the heart. For example, in this same Sermon on the Mount, Jesus transforms the commandment “You shall not kill” into a call to avoid even anger or hatred (cf. Matthew 5:21–22). In doing so, He reveals the fullness of God’s justice, which calls for not only outward obedience but also inward holiness rooted in love.

The sacrificial system of the Old Covenant centered on Temple worship, where animal sacrifices were ritually offered as atonement for sins. Those Old Testament sacrifices find completion in Jesus’ perfect sacrifice on the Cross. He became the new High Priest and offered Himself as the Lamb of God on the Altar of the Cross, a sacrifice that is perpetuated in the Eucharist. Once Christ offered Himself on the Cross, the animal sacrifices and other ceremonial aspects were fulfilled and are no longer required, having given way to the new and perfect worship in the perpetual Eucharistic Sacrifice.

The Law and the Prophets also pointed toward the coming of the Messiah and the establishment of the New Covenant. Jesus, as the Messiah, fulfills these prophecies. In Him, God’s plan to gather all nations into His family is accomplished, fulfilling the promises made to Abraham and proclaimed by the prophets. The symbols and foreshadowings of the Old Testament, such as the Passover lamb, find their ultimate meaning in Christ.

Through Him, the promises of salvation are no longer future hopes but present realities. Through this threefold fulfillment—moral, in transforming our hearts; liturgical, in perfecting worship; and prophetic, in realizing God’s promises—Jesus not only completes the Old Covenant but elevates it into something far greater. He reveals its true purpose: to lead humanity into a deeper relationship with God through love, grace, and truth.

Reflect today on Jesus as the fulfillment of all that God has revealed from the foundation of the world. Because the Old Testament is fulfilled in Christ, we turn our gaze upon Him as the full revelation of the Father and the only way to salvation. The study of the Old Testament reveals the unfolding of Salvation History, but in the Eucharist, we encounter its fulfillment and completion. Turn to Him in the Sacrifice of the Mass, where every promise made throughout salvation history is fulfilled and made present to you in the most precious gift of Christ Himself. In this perpetual Eucharistic Sacrifice, we are drawn into the mystery of divine love and receive a foretaste of the heavenly banquet, where God’s promises will one day be fully realized.

My Eucharistic Lord, You are the fulfillment of every promise made throughout salvation history. In the Sacrifice of the Mass, the final and perfect atonement for sins, those promises are made present to us today. Draw me deeper into worship, filling my heart with a profound love for You in the Eucharist. Transform me by this New Covenant of grace. Jesus, I trust in You.

Image: Listen to Him by Lawrence OP, license CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.

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