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QAA Podcast

Trickle Down Episode 10: Little Loans (Sample)

QAA Podcast

Julian Feeld, Travis View & Jake Rockatansky

News

4.54.4K Ratings

🗓️ 15 July 2022

⏱️ 7 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In the 1970s a new method of helping the poorest people in the world emerged: microlending. The idea is to give the very poorest people, those who live on less than two dollars per day, very small loans they can use to start businesses and serve their community. Thanks to the power of success stories and anecdotes of those helped by microlending, the idea caught on with philanthropists and governments in the west. The concept enjoyed the full throated endorsement of the Clintons, The Nobel Committee, the United Nations, and experts working in global development. But a dark side of microlending quickly emerged. Some loans came with unreasonably high interest rates. Certain microlending institutions harassed and threatened those who couldn’t pay. Some of those who received small loans found themselves trapped in a debt spiral. The indebted even committed suicide to escape the loan. While this was going on, some owners of microfinance ventures profited to the tune of millions of dollars. In the 2010s, multiple studies began to discover that the benefits of microlending as a poverty cure were vastly oversold. Microloans could in fact improve a community’s economic base in certain situations. But they cannot and will not end poverty entirely, as its advocates claimed decades earlier. How did the most powerful, wealthy, and influential people in the world buy into the exaggerated promises of microlending? This is a 10-part series brought to you by the QAA podcast. To get access to all upcoming episodes of Trickle Down as well as a new premium QAA episode every week, go sign up for $5 a month at patreon.com/qanonanonymous Written by Travis View. Theme by Nick Sena (https://nicksenamusic.com). Additional music by Pontus Berghe & Nick Sena. Editing by Corey Klotz. REFERENCES Banerjee, Abhijit and Duflo, Esther (2011) Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty Bateman, Milford (2010) Why Doesn’t Microfinance Work: The Destructive Rise of Local Neoliberalism Edited by Bateman, Milford and Maclean, Kate (2017) Seduced and Betrayed: Exposing the Contemporary Microfinance Phenomenon Collina, Daryl et al (2009) Portfolios of the Poor: How The World’s Poor Live on $2 a Day Meyerowitz, Joanne (2021) A War on Global Poverty: The Lost Promise of Redistribution and the Rise of Microcredit Rahman, Aminur (1999) Micro-credit Initiatives for Equitable and Sustainable Development: Who Pays? http://users.nber.org/~rdehejia/!@$devo/Lecture%2006%20Microcredit/extra/RAHMAN,%20A.%20Micro-credit%20initiatives%20for%20equitable%20and%20sustainable%20development%20who%20pays.pdf

Transcript

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0:00.0

In 1997, the American Baker Vikram Akula was inspired by the hottest trend in global development,

0:10.6

micro-lending.

0:12.0

The idea is simple enough.

0:13.7

Create firms that loan very small amounts of money to the most desperately poor people

0:17.9

in the world, and thus give them the means to grow financially.

0:21.6

Akula decided to use the concept to tackle poverty he witnessed while visiting his relatives

0:26.3

in India.

0:27.4

This firm, SKS Microfinance, grew rapidly and attracted investments from major venture

0:32.4

capitalists like Sequoia Capital and George Soros.

0:36.0

In 2003, SKS became a for-profit company and eventually loaned hundreds of millions of

0:41.2

dollars to millions of impoverished people.

0:44.0

In 2010, SKS debuts on the Bombay Stock Exchange with an initial public offering that raised

0:50.1

$350 million.

0:52.4

A few months before the IPO, Akula had sold all of his SKS shares worth about $13 million

0:58.0

in a private sale.

0:59.4

But while some in the global development world celebrated the idea that extreme poverty reduction

1:04.2

could be highly profitable, something dark was happening.

1:07.6

According to a report commissioned by SKS themselves, its debtors repeatedly died by their

1:13.0

own hands.

1:14.6

The fault was the aggressive collection practices of SKS.

1:18.5

SKS employees verbally harassed over indebted borrowers, forced them to pawn valuable items

1:24.1

and incited other borrowers to humiliate them.

...

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