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🗓️ 2 October 2023
⏱️ 13 minutes
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0:00.0 | In 1947, India and Pakistan became independent countries after almost 200 years of British colonial rule. |
0:07.0 | However, it wasn't just a case of a former colony becoming independent. |
0:11.0 | It was a single colony which was partitioned into two separate countries. |
0:15.4 | That partition had wide-ranging implications, many of which are still being felt today. |
0:20.2 | Learn more about the partition of India and Pakistan, the reasons for it and its legacy, |
0:24.3 | on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. Modern India and Pakistan are actually rather recent creations. |
0:45.4 | Historically speaking, there never was such a division. To understand the |
0:49.7 | partition of India and Pakistan, we have to go way back in time. |
0:54.0 | India was used to describe the greater region of South Asia, which is today occupied by multiple countries. |
1:00.0 | One of the great early ancient civilizations was the Indus Valley culture. This was considered to be |
1:04.4 | an early progenitor of Indian civilization, but it is in today what is now Pakistan. |
1:09.2 | When Alexander the Great invaded India in the 4th century BC, most of the land he conquered was actually in |
1:14.6 | modern-day Pakistan as well. |
1:16.4 | He really didn't get much further than the Indus River. |
1:20.0 | Hinduism arose in India and became a religion with multiple kingdoms and empires that |
1:24.0 | rose and fell over time. Sometimes there would be large empires that ruled most of the |
1:27.9 | subcontinent and other times it broke into smaller kingdoms. The origins of |
1:32.2 | partition can be traced back to the rise of Islam in the seventh century. |
1:36.2 | Arab traders brought their religion with them by sea and the Islamic Caliphate conquered lands |
1:40.0 | in Central Asia and Persia by land. Hindus in many areas converted to Islam and |
1:45.0 | Islam spread throughout the subcontinent. However, it wasn't even growth. Most areas in |
1:51.0 | Greater India remained Hindu, but some areas became staunchly Muslim, |
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