The Iceman, Y Chromosome Puzzle, Planets
Curiosity Weekly
Warner Bros. Discovery
4.6 • 963 Ratings
🗓️ 12 October 2023
⏱️ 13 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
Today, you’ll hear the truth about the chromosome that determines the male sex, new secrets from an old iceman, and an exoplanet denser than steel.
Y Chromosome Puzzle
- “The Y Chromosome’s genetic puzzle is finally complete.” by Tina Hesman Saey. 2023.
- “Chromosomal Sex Determination in Mammals.” National Library of Medicine. N.d.
- “Chromosomes Fact Sheet.” National Human Genome Research Institute. 2020.
- “The new human pangenome could help unveil the biology of everyone.” by Tina Hesman Saey.
Iceman Dna
- “A new look at Otzi the Iceman’s DNA reveals new ancestry and other surprises.” by Tina Hesman Saey. 2023.
- “Otzi the Iceman.” by M. Vidale, et al. 2016.
- “Frozen mummy’s genetic blueprints unveiled.” by Tina Hesman Saey. 2012.
- “High-coverage genome of the Tyrolean Iceman reveals unusually high Anatolian farmer ancestry.” by Ke Wang, et al. 2023.
Steel Planet
- “Supermassive Neptune-Sized Exoplanet Has Density Higher than Steel.” by Enrico de Lazaro. 2023.
- “Bootes constellation: Location, stars and mythology.” by Tim Childers & Rebecca Sohn. 2023.
- “Exoplanet Discoveries.” NASA. 2023.
- “A super-massive Neptune-sized planet.” by Luca Naponiello, et al. 2023.
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Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | Hi, you're about to get smarter in just a few minutes with Curiosity Daily from Discovery. |
| 0:08.5 | Time flies when you're learning super cool stuff. I'm Nate. |
| 0:11.5 | And I'm Callie. If you're dropping in for the first time, |
| 0:14.0 | welcome to curiosity, where we aim to blow your mind by helping you to grow your mind. |
| 0:17.8 | If you're a loyal listener, welcome back. Today, you'll learn about the chromosome that determines the male sex, new secrets from an old |
| 0:25.2 | Iceman, and an exoplanet denser than steel. |
| 0:29.7 | Without further ado, let's satisfy some curiosity. Researchers have finally sequenced the Y chromosome, which was one of the last major challenges they faced in completing the entire human genome. |
| 0:40.0 | The Y chromosome, that's the one that determines the male sex, right? |
| 0:44.5 | Exactly. So humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes that carry all of our genetic |
| 0:49.5 | material. Each cell usually carries those 23 pairs and we get half from our moms and half from our dads. |
| 0:55.0 | So the first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called autosomes. |
| 0:59.0 | They determine just about everything about us, our hair and eye color, our height, how big our ears are, everything. |
| 1:05.0 | But the 23rd pair is called the sex chromosome. |
| 1:08.0 | Right, and in those born female, if I'm not mistaken, the 23rd pair has two X chromosomes. And in those born male, the 23rd pair has two X chromosomes and in those born male the 23 |
| 1:14.7 | consists of 1 X and 1 Y. Does my high school biology shine through in this one? |
| 1:20.4 | Yeah you actually got it and it's that Y chromosome that has |
| 1:24.4 | scientists scrambling for answers ever since they started sequencing the human |
| 1:28.4 | genome. Why is the Y chromosome so difficult to sequence. |
| 1:33.0 | Turns out there's a lot of reasons. |
| 1:35.2 | The recent research was published in the journal Nature. |
| 1:37.9 | The funny thing is, |
| 1:39.0 | researchers always thought that the y chromosome |
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