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Grammar Girl: For Writers and Language Lovers.

The birth of American English. How to recognize a phrasal verb. Cucka-nucka.

Grammar Girl: For Writers and Language Lovers.

Mignon Fogarty, Inc.

Society & Culture, Education

4.52.9K Ratings

🗓️ 2 July 2024

⏱️ 19 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

999. This week, we look at what shaped early American English, from Native American words to Noah Webster's spelling reforms. Then, we explore phrasal verbs, looking at their grammatical peculiarities and some tips to distinguish them from other types of verbs.

The "American English" segment was written by Valerie Fridland, a professor of linguistics at the University of Nevada in Reno and the author of "Like, Literally, Dude: Arguing for the Good in Bad English." You can find her at valeriefridland.com.

The "phrasal verbs" segment was written by Edwin L. Battistella, who taught linguistics and writing at Southern Oregon University in Ashland, where he served as a dean and as interim provost. His books include Bad Language: Are Some Words Better than Others?, Sorry About That: The Language of Public Apology, and Dangerous Crooked Scoundrels: Insulting the President, from Washington to Trump. It originally appeared on the OUP blog and is included here with permission.

| Edited transcript with links: https://grammar-girl.simplecast.com/episodes/early-american/transcript

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Transcript

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0:00.0

Grandma Girl here, I'm in Yon Fog Fog, your friendly guide to the English language.

0:10.1

We talk about writing, history, rules, and other cool stuff.

0:13.9

Today, we're going to talk about the earliest origins of American English

0:17.8

and about tricky phrasal verbs. With July 4th celebrations looming, it's a good time to consider how the American Revolution

0:30.2

affected the English language itself.

0:33.0

After all, Noah Webster didn't take the U out of color and flavor just for the heck of it.

0:38.0

He was making an important statement about the linguistic independence of a new nation.

0:44.0

But before we get to Webster's validation of a separate American language,

0:48.0

we have to go back a bit in time to understand how American English even developed into a different thing from British English.

0:57.0

And for that we need to go back to the beginning of colonial times.

1:02.0

When British settlers first arrived in the new world, many indigenous languages

1:06.5

were already spoken on its shores. Not only did early colonists encounter many of these

1:12.3

languages for the first time, but they also

1:15.0

encountered new places and new things, none of which had English names.

1:21.3

So to be able to have good colonial conversations about where they should live,

1:26.0

what plants to eat, and what critters to be on the lookout for,

1:29.6

they had to learn about them from the original inhabitants.

1:33.6

For instance, many place names in colonial America were based on the names given them by Native Americans.

1:40.5

In fact, more than half our modern states have names that are anglicized versions of Native American names. For instance, Massachusetts is derived from the Algonquin word, Masetu Esset, meaning something like Great Hills Place.

1:57.0

Connecticut comes from the native word Kinoctiquot, which translates roughly to a place along the river. Michigan comes from

2:06.0

Algonquin Michigan, which has been translated as Great Water or Big Lake.

2:11.8

And how about the great state of Texas? Well, one longstanding

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