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Hello, and Julius Caesar's wheel was read earlier than intended.

It contained gifts. Gardens by the Tiber were given to the Roman people.

Money was attributed, but the chief beneficuous Caesar's nephew, Octavius,

whom he adopted as his son. To be Caesar's heir was a troubled and public legacy,

but from it Octavius fashioned a position of power unparalleled before and perhaps since.

He was the first Roman Emperor, and he called himself Augustus. His reign,

Augustine age, was a time of strange connections between politics, peace, literature,

and encroaching tyranny. It saw the rebuilding of Rome from brick into marble, the flowering

of Virgil, Ovid and Horus, and the slow but relentless turning of the Roman Republic into the

Roman Empire. With me to discuss the Augustine age,

Catherine Edwards, Professor of Classics and Ancient History,

Birkbeck College London University, Duncan Kennedy, Professor of Latin literature,

and the theory of criticism at the University of Bristol, and Mary Beard, Professor of Classics,

at Cambridge University. Can you give us an overview of what we mean when we talk about

your Augustine age, Mary Beard? Well, really, it is a or perhaps the key moment in Roman history.

It's a key moment in the history of Europe. It's the period across the divide between the

first century BC and the first century AD, when for the second time in Rome's history,

Monarchy was established replacing what had been democracy. Rome had been originally governed by

kings, then been democratic in a funny kind of way, and at the end of the first century BC,

we get the advent of another form of autocracy under the emperor Augustus, who is looked on forever

...