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Witness History

The American who put women's rights in the Japanese constitution

Witness History

BBC

History, Personal Journals, Society & Culture

4.41.6K Ratings

🗓️ 20 August 2020

⏱️ 10 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In November 1946, Emperor Hirohito proclaimed a new post-war constitution for Japan which contained clauses establishing women's rights for the first time. They were the brainchild of Beate Sirota Gordon, a young American woman working for the Allied occupying forces. Simon Watts tells her story using interviews from the BBC archives.

PHOTO: Beate Sirota Gordon in Japan in 1946 (Family Collection)

Transcript

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0:00.0

Choosing what to watch night after night the flicking through the endless

0:06.8

searching is a nightmare we want to help you on our brand new podcast off the

0:11.8

telly we share what we've been watching

0:14.0

Cladie Aide.

0:16.0

Load to games, loads of fun, loads of screaming.

0:19.0

Lovely. Off the telly with me Joanna Paige.

0:21.0

And me, Natalie Cassidy, so your evenings can be a little less

0:24.9

searching and a lot more auction listen on BBC sounds.

0:29.2

Hello and welcome to Witness History from the BBC World Service.

0:38.0

This week we're looking back at the Second World War in the Pacific, which ended 75 years ago.

0:44.8

Today, Simon Watts is the story of how a young American woman

0:48.8

had a key role in writing Japan's post-war constitution and how she used it to try to promote women's rights. In August 1945,

1:03.4

1945 Emperor Hirohito of Japan surrendered.

1:07.4

Within a few weeks, Japan was occupied by Allied forces,

1:11.8

led by the American General Douglas MacArthur.

1:15.0

Here comes the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces,

1:18.0

General of the Army, Douglas MacArthur.

1:21.0

I announce it my firm purpose in the tradition of the countries I represent to

1:27.4

proceed in the discharge of my responsibilities with justice and tolerance.

1:32.2

For the Allies the first task was with justice and tolerance.

1:33.0

For the allies, the first task was just to feed a country devastated by bombing,

1:38.0

but it quickly became important to restart political activity in Japan as well and that meant writing a new democratic constitution.

...

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