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Finding Genius Podcast

Studying the Parasitic King of Drug Resistance with John Gilleard

Finding Genius Podcast

Richard Jacobs

Medicine, Health & Fitness

4.41K Ratings

🗓️ 3 September 2020

⏱️ 41 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Professor of parasitology at Calgary University, John Gilleard, joins the show to discuss his work and research on parasites and how they become resistant to drugs.

In this episode, you will learn:

  • How Haemonchus contortus can sense and respond to changes in the climate surrounding its host, and how transmission of Haemonchus contortus is dependent in part upon the environment of the host
  • What types of drugs have been developed to treat parasitic infection with Haemonchus contortus and what effect they have on the parasite
  • What it means to take a genetic approach rather than a pharmacological approach to the problem of antiparasitic drug resistance

As a model for studying antiparasitic drug resistance, Gilleard uses Haemonchus contortus, a sheep parasite known as the "king" of drug resistance. He discusses what makes this such a good model for studying various parasites, and details its life cycle, how transmission occurs, what triggers inhibited development of the parasite, what types of drugs have been developed and how Haemonchus contortus becomes resistant to them, whether there is a tradeoff for the parasite to becoming resistant to an antiparasitic drug, recent research on understanding the genetics of C. elegans, the value that could be gained from taking a wider approach to the study of antiparasitic drug resistance (e.g. metabolomics, proteomics), the challenges posed by the genetic variability of worms, and what's on the horizon in terms of further research in the field.

Tune in and learn more at https://vet.ucalgary.ca/contact-us/john-gilleard.

Available on Apple Podcasts: apple.co/2Os0myK

Transcript

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0:00.0

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0:06.8

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0:15.0

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0:18.3

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0:22.4

He hunts down and interviews geniuses in every

0:24.7

field, sleep science, cancer, stem cells, ketogenic diets and more. Here come the geniuses.

0:30.1

This is the Finding Genius Podcast.

0:33.0

That is Richard Jacobs.

0:35.0

Hello, this is Richard Jacobs, the head of the Finding Genius Podcast.

0:42.0

I have John Gillyard. He's a professor of parasitology at

0:46.5

Calgary University. We'll hear about various parasites and how they accumulate drug resistance and why they became resistant now.

0:56.0

So, John, thanks for coming.

0:58.2

You're welcome, which is great to do this.

1:00.6

Yeah.

1:01.6

Well, in the world of parasites, which ones do you enjoy working with and which ones do you focus on?

1:07.2

So the main focus really is a core of livestock nematolds, which are roundworms and we also more recently work on

1:18.1

related parasites and humans with solvited helmin largeworm. So the core of the lab works on a particular parasite

1:26.4

called Moncus contortis, which is the nearest thing

1:29.9

we've got to a model.

1:31.1

And then we kind of build out from there into other gastri- livestock and then a lot of

1:35.3

approaches. Those call homogulous contortis? Aemonkous contortis.

1:40.8

So he, yeah, so he has hemas in blood because it's a blood feeding parasite and that's where the name comes from and

...

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