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.jp. That's Y-A-K-U-L-T.C-O.J-P. When it comes to a guide for your gut, count on Yacult.

This is Scientific American 60-second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

You have bees to thank every time you drizzle some honey into your tea. And the human honeybee

relationship is longstanding. Iconography of honeybees adorns 4,400-year-old walls in ancient Egypt.

Rock art has been found that depicts a Stone Age bee harvest. But exactly

when early farmers began to exploit bees has been unclear. Those farmers exploited bees

for more than honey. Researchers shown that they also employed the beeswax for cosmetics,

fuel, medicine, and to perform rituals. Beeswax contains complex fats that leave a recognizable residue on pottery and other

archaeological artifacts, and scientists have now used that beeswax residue to analyze what they've

determined to be the earliest known human and bee association dating back some 9,000 years.

The researchers surveyed Europe, the Near East, and northern Africa. They found beeswax

on pottery vessels from Neolithic farming sites in Anatolia in or near modern day Turkey. They also

discovered the first evidence of beeswax at Neolithic sites in northern Africa. And the lack of wax

residues in Ireland, Scotland, and the Scandinavian Peninsula led them to conclude that those

locations were above

what must have been a northern limit for honeybees.

The study is in the journal Nature.

The researchers say that the beeswax residues at these human-occupied sites may be clues

...