Sheena Cruickshank on the wonders of the human immune system

The Life Scientific

BBC

Technology, Personal Journals, Society & Culture, Science

4.6 • 1.4K Ratings

🗓️ 5 June 2018

⏱️ 29 minutes

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Summary

Traditional descriptions of the human immune system bristle with military analogies. There are "lines of defence" against "enemy invaders"; "border guards" at "strategic points. And when barriers are breached, there's "a call to arms". That's before you mention Natural Killer Cells. But Professor of Immunology and Public Engagement at the University of Manchester, Sheena Cruickshank, tells Jim that as well as the war-like descriptions, our immune system is now being understood in terms of its capacity for diplomacy too. Jaw-jaw as well as War-war. Our immune system has to know when to tolerate the trillions of microbes that live on us and in us, to hold fire but also to know when full-scale immune activation is required. Central to Sheena's research is what's behind the switch from "watch and wait" to "attack mode" at key barrier sites in our bodies. Her aim is to find tools that will help diagnose and manage chronic inflammatory diseases and beyond that, to identify ways to strengthen peoples' own immunity and ultimately make them better. But she's always wanted science to have a strong presence outside of the laboratory and she believes strongly that researchers have a duty to reach out beyond their institution to the community about their work. If they do that, she tells Jim, everybody benefits and the science too, will be enriched. Producer: Fiona Hill.

Transcript

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0:31.3	Hello, I'm Jim Alkalee, and you're about to listen to the quite excellent podcast of the life
0:37.0	scientific in which I get top scientists to tell me how they got to where they are today. My guest today inhabits a scientific world
0:46.1	that is traditionally bristled with military analogies. There are lines of defense against
0:51.5	enemy invaders, border guards at strategic points, lookouts on
0:55.7	control, and when barriers are breached there's a call to arms.
1:00.1	Oh, when defensive forces are marshalled and the fight is to the death.
1:04.0	You see, Shina Cruikshank is an immunologist and understanding how our bodies defend against the constant
1:10.4	bombardment of hostile disease-causing pathogens from bacteria to viruses and
1:15.3	parasitic worms has been her life's work. As professor of biomedical
1:19.6	sciences at the University of Manchester, she's interested in how our immune system ignores
1:24.4	certain microbes, tolerates them, but could then switch to attack mode with full-scale
1:29.4	immune activation. She's always wanted science to have a strong presence outside of the lab and as
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