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This is Scientific American 60-second science. I'm Christopher Ndallata. Got a minute?

If you like to wind down with a drink, you've perhaps also rationalized the act with this oft-repeated claim.

You don't have to feel guilty about imbibing a little red or white.

In small amounts, it is good for your heart.

But a new study finds that alcohol's supposed benefit may, in fact,

only be available to certain people who happen to have the right genes. Researchers studied 600

Swedish men and women with heart disease and compared them to some 3,000 healthy volunteers.

They asked the subjects about their drinking, measured their blood cholesterol,

and sequenced each subject's version of a gene that governs the transport of cholesterol

to the liver. Turns out moderate drinking, a couple drinks a day, appeared to lower heart

disease risk overall by 20%. But subjects who had a specific variant of that cholesterol transport gene and tipped back a few,

they had an 80% reduction in heart disease risk. And the gene variant isn't protective by itself,

only when combined with booze. The results appear in the journal Alcohol. Unfortunately,

only about 15% of us have this variant.

Study author Dogtella of the University of Gothenburg says that past studies, which found

what looked statistically like a slight heart benefit of moderate drinking in large populations,

could actually just be detecting this huge alcohol benefit in the small lucky gene group,

...