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This is Scientific Americans 60 Second Science.

I'm Karen Hopkin.

When it comes to Saturn, it's the rings that render the planet instantly recognizable.

But it turns out that Saturn was not always so elaborately adorned.

Data from the final orbits of the Cassini mission indicate that Saturn's rings were a relatively

recent addition, forming a scant

100 to 10 million years ago. The findings are in the journal's science. During what's been called

the grand finale phase of the Cassini mission, the spacecraft repeatedly dove through the gap

between the top of Saturn's clouds and the innermost edge of its rings. These flybys allowed researchers to separate the gravitational effects of the planet

and its accessories, which led to a more precise measurement of the ring's mass.

Their mass was the missing piece of the puzzle to determine their age.

Danieli Durante, a postdoc at Sapienzi University in Italy, who analyzed the data.

The rings are made up mostly of ice with a small fraction of impurities, about 1 or 2% of the total rings mass.

These impurities consist of rocky material coming from outer space.

Since these impurities are accumulated over time,

this allow us to relate the total mass of the rings with their age.

Durante and his colleagues found that Saturn's bling has a combined mass of about

...