I'm John Batchler.

Tariffs, much in the news these last months since the Liberation Day of 2025.

The presentation by the President of the United States that tariffs are the way forward because of the relationship the U.S. has with its trading partners.

Also, there are other claims that tariffs will solve problems such as the enormous debt

overhang that the U.S. now struggles to imagine what is to be done.

However, tariffs remain a debate because of a decision by the Supreme Court in these last days.

And I'm very pleased to welcome Jonathan Adler, Tazwell, Taylor, Taylor,

Professor of Law and William H. Cabell Research Professor at the William and Mary Law School,

writing for Civitas Outlook, part of the Civitas Institute at the University of Texas Law

School at Austin. Professor, a very good evening to you. Thank you for this. The Supreme Court decided

that the President was not correct in claiming the power of EPA in order to confer or result in

tariffs, bilateral tariffs around the world as far as I can see, all manner of nations,

not one but many versions.

And during the course of these last months, the president has been whimsical sometimes about

tariffs doubling or tripling or being reduced because of an opinion he's formed about the

bilateral relationship. Let's start with the fundamentals.

IPA is from 1977, the Carter administration.

What is its ambition?

What was it created for by Congress and was it successful?

Good evening to you.

Good evening.

Yes, so the underlying statute, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act was aimed at codifying the authority

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