I'm John Boucher, and Terry Anderson, the author is here. His new edited book is

adapt and be adept, market responses to climate change. Without the market, you have people

who live very carefully on the land. There their subsistence. There's an elaborate definition

of subsistence, but in any event, what it means is that you deal with your environment effectively.

You keep heat and food and your children prosper. There is an Alaska native village chain throughout Alaska, the United States,

called A&V in this book, a very excellent piece by an anthropologist who spent time with the

Alaska native villages. And what I learn is that there are a series of laws that have been passed

since 1971 and 1981 in the late 20th century that have not permitted or inadvertently left out participation by the people who live near the wildlife and the sustainability of the Alaska native villages. And the lesson I take from this,

Terry, and I'm submitting it to you, the editor, lesson I take this, unless the consumers or the

or the villagers or the people who live on the land and live inside the adaptation, unless they

participate, none of your solutions are going to work.

Is that the lesson you wanted me to learn from this chapter?

Very much. They have known how to adapt for eons, and because of all the things you just described,

have no ability to really adapt.

They can't follow the caribou herds.

They can't move along the rivers to different fishing zones.

And that inability to adapt is just a major part of what it stands in the way of adaptation to climate change.

Let me back even further up to Native Americans in continental United,

what is now the continental United States.

They didn't just survive on the Great Plains.

They thrived, and they thrived byains. They thrived and they thrived by adapting.

They thrived by following bison herds. As one of my Native American friends in northern Montana said, people think we just stumbled upon berry patches. No, we knew where they were and we cared

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