These feelings of revenge, getting even retribution, generally would categorize that as emotional,

psychological, and behavioral, because it's a feeling, and it's a feeling that we often act on,

certainly want to act on. It's an impulse, It's strong. And it is timeless. I mean,

this is historical. Think of all the old sayings. If you're out for revenge, you go to dig a

grave, dig to. People think of it as psychological, as emotions. But what you're talking about,

and you have rock, solid evidence, and I'm so

happy to talk about this, people need to understand this involves the brain just as powerfully

as if they're addicted to drugs. That is correct.

Brain scans now show and have revealed over the last 10 years and maybe a little longer

that when you have a grievance, that is to say a perception, when you feel that you've

been wronged, you've been mistreated, you've been insulted, shamed, humiliated, any of those feelings that arise in anger, and those could be political grievances, a grievances with your significant other in your life, with your family, with your kids, with your boss at work, with your neighbors, all of these things,

all funnel into one set of neurocircuitary. And what occurs is this grievance that I've just

described, that's painful for you. And that activates the pain network inside your brain and that area is called

the anterior insula. So there's real pain involved. Psychological pain is significant and

potentially more than physical pains that you might feel. The brain doesn't want this pain.

It wants the pain to stop. It wants pleasure to cover it up. And so what we end up with is that once the bearing registers this pain,

it activates the neural addiction and reward circuitry, the pleasure circuitry of the brain, just the same

way that for a somebody, a substance user, who sees a place where they've been taking substances

or feels stress and that craving comes on to use alcohol or drugs, for somebody who has a grievance, this activates,

but the craving that we get is not for alcohol or drugs. It is for revenge. That is to say,

punishing the person who caused us pain or their proxies. It doesn't have to be the exact person that wronged you.

You may seek revenge, and lots of people do, and we see it in society all the time, against

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