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History Unplugged Podcast

Republicans Controlled 1920s America But Were Later Crushed By the New Deal Coalition. How Do These Realignments Happen?

History Unplugged Podcast

History Unplugged

Society & Culture, History

4.23.7K Ratings

🗓️ 1 December 2022

⏱️ 64 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The pendulum in American electoral politics never swung harder than the 1920s to 1930s. In the 1924 presidential election, Democrats lost every state outside the Jim Crow south and barely scraped together 25 percent of the popular vote. In less than 10 years, they built the New Deal Coalition, a tremendously powerful political force that included everyone from the KKK on one side to black communists on the other, with Great Plains populists, backcountry Jacksonians and multilingual urbanites in between. How do electoral coalitions that seem timeless breakdown and reform in the blink of an eye, and what can that tell us about our current political coalitions?

To discuss how political realignment happens is today’s guest Timothy Shenk, author of the book Realigners. In a history that runs from the drafting of the Constitution to 2022, Shenk discusses characters from James Madison and Charles Sumner to Phyllis Schlafly and Barack Obama. The result is a provocative reassessment of the people who built the electoral coalitions that defined American democracy―and a guide for a time when figures ranging from Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez to MAGA-minded nationalists seek to turn radical dreams into political realities.

Transcript

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0:00.0

One of the absolute worst showings that a political party ever had in the US presidential

0:09.4

election was the Democratic Party in 1924.

0:12.7

They lost every state outside of the Jim Crow South and barely scraped together a quarter

0:17.1

of the popular vote.

0:18.1

If a political strategist would have argued at the time that in only 10 years that their

0:22.8

political party would put together the greatest coalition in American political history, nobody

0:27.0

would have believed them.

0:28.0

But that's exactly what happened in the 1930s.

0:30.8

The New Deal Coalition was born and it included everybody from the KKK on one side to black

0:36.4

communists on the other, and in between were great planes populists, backcountry Jacksonians,

0:41.8

dissident Ivy Leaguers, multilingual urban ethnic groups, laborers, farmers, and this

0:46.9

coalition will hold together for decades.

0:49.0

While the New Deal Coalition stands out for its diversity and its longevity, it's merely

0:53.3

one of many similar episodes in American political history, where a political party is

0:57.9

announced dead, but only a few years later it's resurrected and comes back much stronger.

1:03.2

Question is how do realignment like these happen?

1:06.2

How do different figures seem to capture the political moment, how their finger on the

1:10.0

pulse of American electoral politics, and are able to give voters exactly what they want?

1:14.8

How does somebody like Andrew Jackson, who is absolutely despised by the New England

1:19.6

elite, and should completely reform the office of the presidency?

1:22.7

How does somebody like Phyllis Schlafly, in the 20th century, create the grassroots conservative

1:26.8

movement and completely bypass all the traditional king makers and institutions that turned out

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