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The John Batchelor Show

PREVIEW: SEA BIRDS: GUANO: In "Ten Birds That Changed the World," author Stephen Moss recounts how sea bird droppings (guano), rich in phosphates and nitrates, were harvested off Peru and sold as fertilizer, making William Gibbs wealthy while exploiting a

The John Batchelor Show

John Batchelor

Society & Culture, Arts, News, Books

4.52.8K Ratings

🗓️ 28 November 2024

⏱️ 4 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

PREVIEW: SEA BIRDS: GUANO: In "Ten Birds That Changed the World," author Stephen Moss recounts how sea bird droppings (guano), rich in phosphates and nitrates, were harvested off Peru and sold as fertilizer, making William Gibbs wealthy while exploiting and abandoning Chinese laborers. More tonight.

1865 Chincha Islands, Peru

Transcript

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0:31.9

This is John Batchler, conversation with Stephen Moss.

0:35.9

Ten birds that changed the world. The seabirds, Peru, 19th century,

0:41.3

discovered what the Inkins had known long before, but it had been lost, that the droppings of

0:47.5

sea birds, it's rich in phosphates and nitrates. This was discovered by an Englishman, William Gibbs,

0:56.2

who set up a guano empire,

1:02.3

harvesting the guano in the islands where there was no rain, so it remained available,

1:10.5

harvesting it and sending it back to Britain as fertilizer, very rich fertilizer. And Stephen tells the story of what happened to William Gibbs, what happened to the fertilizer,

1:15.9

and especially what happened to the laborers who were indentured to harvest the fertilizer.

1:22.2

It's all tragedy, it's all 19th century, it's all colonial trade.

1:27.0

Phosphates and nitrates from seabird droppings.

1:30.9

Peru.

1:32.7

More of this later.

...

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