Hello and welcome to the Zero to Finals podcast.

My name is Tom and in this episode I'm going to be talking to you about pneumonia.

Then you can find written notes on this topic at zero tofinals.com slash pneumonia

or in the respiratory section of the second edition of the Zero to Finals Medicine book.

So let's get straight into it.

Pneumonia is an infection of the lung tissue, causing inflammation in the alveolar space.

Pneumonia can be seen as a consolidation on a chest x-ray.

Acute bronchitis refers to infection and inflammation of the bronchi and the bronchioles.

Both pneumonia and acute bronchitis are classed as lower respiratory tract infections.

Upper respiratory tract infections, for example a common cold, are usually viral.

As a general rule, the lower down the respiratory tract,

the higher the probability of bacterial infection as opposed to a viral infection.

Let's talk about the classification.

Pneumonia can be classified based on where the infection was acquired.

Community acquired pneumonia, or CAP, develops in the community.

Hospital acquired pneumonia, or HAP, or HAP, develops after more than 48 hours in a hospital.

So if pneumonia occurs within 24 hours of hospital admission, it's still community-acquired pneumonia.

Ventilator-acquired pneumonia, or VAP, or VAP, develops in intubated patients on the intensive care unit.

Aspiration pneumonia is when the infection develops due to aspiration of food or fluids,

usually in patients with impaired swallowing, for example, after a stroke or when the patient has

advanced dementia.

Asperation pneumonia is associated with anaerobic bacteria.

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