Governments often struggle to move quickly when it comes to regulating new industries or products.

One area where international organizations and governments around the world have failed to agree on regulation is far out at sea beyond national maritime boundaries.

That's meant the kind of deep sea mining that we've examined this week is only legally

permitted inside a country's territorial waters.

And the only country on earth to allow it so far

is Papa New Guinea in its waters of the Bismarck Sea

off the island of New Ireland.

For the third and final part in this series,

videographer Ed Kirnan and special correspondent

Villam Marks show us how difficult it is

for this impoverished Pacific nation to monitor deep sea mining activities,

even those that are occurring close to its shores.

This summer, not far from the stunning coastline of New Ireland province in the Pacific Nation of Papua New Guinea.

The M. V. Koko was very likely the only ship anywhere on the world's oceans to be engaged in the deeply controversial practice of deep sea mining.

Twice a day for several weeks it sent this giant claw, a mile beneath the surface of the Bismarck Sea, to help its crew haul up around

180 tons of copper-rich rock, while also stockpiling many times more than that on the nearby

sea bed. This was an industrial scale trial run

to see if an even larger operation like this could one day continue long term by proving

itself profitable enough for investors and

sufficiently safe for the ocean environment. The cocoa sailed under charter

for a company called Deep Sea Mining Finance or DSMF in partnership with another business, Magellan,

where James Holt helped oversee this work.

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