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This is Scientific American 60-second science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

When it comes to Neanderthal diets, the consensus has been they eat meat, lots of meat.

But now it looks like Neanderthals chumped on a fair amount of veggies, too.

Researchers have had a tough time discerning the Neanderthal's diet.

They evaluated carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bones, but those only correspond to some

general kinds of proteins. Even plant remains in Neanderthal teeth could have gotten there because

a tasty animal carcass itself contained traces of a last vegetarian meal. So the researchers

relied on foolproof evidence. They studied Neanderthal fecal remains from a site in southern

Spain called El Salt. Neanderthals made it their home about

50,000 years ago. The researchers analyzed the samples for chemical compounds that can only result

from metabolizing cholesterol from meat or from metabolizing plants. All five samples showed evidence

of meat consumption, but two revealed the digestion of plants, meaning that Neanderthals did

try vegetation, likely tubers and nuts.

The studies in the journal Plus One.

Scientists intend to use the same technique to examine soil samples at a 1.8 million-year-old

site in Tanzania, in the hopes that any remaining poop may deliver an ancestral diet scoop.

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