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at www.gitfreed.a.i. Hey guys, what's going on? This is Mike Estefan from the University of

Rochester School of Medicine, bringing you episode seven of the Emergency Medicine Shelf Exam Review Series.

In this week's episode, we're going to be covering some of the causes of abdominal pain

that are high yield for your exam.

Let's start off with something quick and easy, hernias.

For the exam, you only need to know some terminology and just a little bit of management. So there are three

different classifications for hernias. You can have a reducible hernia, an incarcerated hernia,

and a strangulated hernia. Reducible hernias are simply just that. You can reduce them.

Incarcerated hernias cannot be reduced. However, they are neither tender nor

erythematous on exam, and they have a preserved blood supply. These can also cause bowel obstructions,

so a surgical consult is usually warranted on your exam. However, there is no need for an emergent

surgical consult.

A strangulated hernia, just like an incarcerated hernia, can also not be reduced.

The key difference here is that a strangulated hernia has lost its blood supply and the bowel is dying.

As a result, these are extremely tender to palpation and very erythematous on exam.

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