Hello and welcome to the zero to finals podcast.

My name is Tom and in this episode I'm going to be talking to you about lymphoma.

And you can find written notes on this topic at zero to finals.com slash lymphoma

or in the hematology section of the second edition of the zero to finals medicine book.

So let's get straight into it.

Lymphoma is a type of cancer affecting the lymphocytes inside the lymphatic system.

Cancerous cells proliferate inside the lymph nodes, causing the lymph nodes to become abnormally large, which is referred to as lymphadenopathy.

The many types of lymphoma fall into two categories. Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is a specific disease, and non-Hodgkins lymphoma, which includes all the other

types of lymphoma. Let's start by talking about Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hodgkin's lymphoma is the most

common, specific type of lymphoma. It has a bimodal age distribution with peaks around 20 to 25 years of age and around

80 years of age. Risk factors for Hodgkin's lymphoma include HIV infection, the Epstein

Barr virus, autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis,

and a family history of Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Next let's talk about non-Hodgkins lymphoma.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma includes many types.

A few notable ones are diffuse, large B-'s lymphoma includes many types. A few notable ones are diffuse large

b-cell lymphoma which typically presents as a rapidly growing painless mass in older patients.

Burkitt lymphoma which particularly is associated with the Epstein-Barr virus and HIV,

malt lymphoma, which affects the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue,

usually around the stomach,

and Waldenstrom's macro-globulinemia,

which affects B lymphocytes with excessive production of immunoglobulin M, or IGM.

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