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Science Friday

Live in San Antonio: Deadly Disease, Bats, Birds. Aug. 16, 2019, Part 2

Science Friday

Science Friday and WNYC Studios

Life Sciences, Wnyc, Science, Friday, Natural Sciences

4.4 • 6.3K Ratings

🗓️ 16 August 2019

⏱️ 48 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Imagine stepping into a white suit, pulling on thick rubber gloves and a helmet with a clear face plate. You can only talk to your colleagues through an earpiece, and a rubber hose supplies you with breathable air. Sounds like something you wear in space, right? In this case, you’re not an astronaut. You’re at the Texas Biomedical Institute in San Antonio, one of the only places where the most dangerous pathogens—the ones with no known cures—can be studied in a lab setting. Dr. Jean Patterson, a professor there, and Dr. Ricardo Carrion, professor and director of maximum containment contract research, join Ira live on stage for a safe peek inside the place where the world’s deadliest diseases are studied.  Bracken Cave, 20 miles outside of San Antonio, is the summer home to 15 million Mexican free-tailed bats. Each night, the bats swarm out of the cave in a “batnado“ in search of food. Fran Hutchins, director of Bat Conservation International’s Bracken Cave Preserve, talks about how the millions of individuals form a colony and the conservation efforts to preserve this colony in the face of housing developments and the encroaching city. San Antonio is a great place for birding. Along with Texas Hill country, the Edwards Plateau, and the gulf coast, the region’s intersecting ecosystems make it a good home—and a welcome pitstop—for birds. Iliana Peña, the Director of Conservation Programs at the Texas Wildlife Association, talks about sustainable grazing and other changes to ranching procedures that would make the tracts of land held by large Texas landowners more welcoming to grassland birds. Plus, Jennifer Smith, an assistant professor in the Department of Environmental Science and Ecology at the University of Texas at San Antonio, describes her research on the effects of wind farms on prairie chickens in Nebraska.

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

This is Science Friday. I'm Ira Plato, coming to you from the Tobin Center for the Performing Arts in San Antonio, Texas.

0:09.1

Yes. You know, San Antonio has a lot of nicknames. You can call it the Alamo City, Military City, Home of the Spurs. I'm going to add another one. I'm adding another one to the list called

0:22.6

Bat City, USA. And that's because every summer, millions of Mexican freetail bats cross

0:30.9

the border, and they fly up, and they go to do this little time share, this cave that they like to

0:36.3

occupy. They wing their way to Bracken Cave, located just north of San Antonio,

0:42.3

and that makes this town home to one of the largest bat colonies in the world.

0:46.3

We're talking 15 to 20 million bats in the Bracken Cave.

0:51.3

Our team went to the cave and brought back a sound portrait of their visit.

0:56.0

We are at Bat Conservation International's Bracken Cave Preserve.

1:03.0

The mouth of the cave is at the bottom of the 80-foot deep sinkholes.

1:07.0

If you look right down into the darkness below that second arch, you can see, it looks like the air is moving a little bit.

1:12.6

Those are the bats swirling right there in the darkness, and you'll catch a glimpse of them every now and then.

1:17.6

So that vortex is going to move out to the mouth of the cave.

1:22.6

And then once it's in the sinkhole, it has the spiral upwards to get to the top of the trees,

1:28.3

and then they stream away in this river of bats in the sky.

1:32.3

It smells like kind of a wet dog.

1:35.3

That smell of guano. It's all over the floor. The guano is like over 75 feet deep.

1:40.3

Is it happening?

1:42.3

Here they come. There you come.

1:45.0

There you go.

1:47.0

And it pulses, it gets really strong, then it kind of pulses down and pulses up, so as they come

1:56.0

out.

...

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