Hey, everybody, it's Kai. We're taking a little bit of an end of year break. So today we're

resharing an episode about one of the biggest stories of 2022, the war in Ukraine, of course.

But before we get to that, the other big story of the year was inflation. And here at Marketplace,

we are not just seeing its effects in our coverage, you know. Donations from listeners are down,

and they are an essential part of our budget. We of course understand not everybody's in a

position to give right now, but if you are, we need you. Please give what you can at Marketplace.org

slash give smart or click the link in the show notes. And thanks.

Look at that. I got the queue today through the glass. Jigs like kick on. Hey, everybody,

I'm Kai. Rosdal, what gonna make me smart? None of us on this podcast or smart as all of us.

That's not what we like to say. And I'm Kimberly Adams. It's Tuesday, which means it's time to dive

deep into a single topic or deeper, whatever. And today we're going to talk about one of the main

stories we've been talking about. Of course, Russia and the Ukraine invasion. It has gotten

worse, obviously on the ground last couple of days. Forces are moving. People are being killed,

refugees by the, I think the last number I saw was 600,000 are moving to the west. So this is

obviously a horrible humanitarian story. It's an economic story. It's also a story of history,

though. This is a land war on the European continent, which I never thought I would see in my

lifetime. I don't know. Maybe our guest has a different thought. But we're going to talk about

that today and what it means in the context of where we have been. And that guest is Dr. Francis

Fukuyama, a political economist and senior fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International

Studies at Stanford. Dr. Fukuyama, welcome. Thank you very much, Kimberly.

So it's been more than three decades since your book The End of History, where you talked about

this idea that the great ideological battles between east and west were effectively over.

...