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This is Scientific American 60-second science. I'm Cynthia Graber. Got a minute?

Humans have historically seen large carnivores, such as wolves and bears, as threats to our

livelihoods or lives. They might say, eat our sheep or our family. So as the human population has

grown, the numbers of large carnivores has generally plummeted, which has unfortunate

consequences. For example, without wolves in the northeast, ubiquitous deer spread disease and

cause traffic accidents. But there's good news out of Europe. Some large carnivores are

rebounding. The finding is in the journal Science. Researchers evaluated populations of brown bears,

Eurasian links, gray wolves, and

wolverines in mainland Europe, not including Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. They found that a third of

the remaining area has at least one large carnivore species. Scandinavia hosts all four species,

and the numbers are generally either stable or increasing. Interestingly, most of the carnivores are found outside

protected conservation areas. A variety of reasons accounts for the success story. European laws

protect carnivores and larger open tracts of land host increasing prey. Stable political systems

makes it easier to enforce the laws, and older traditions of protecting livestock via guard dogs,

fences, and shepherds have been supplemented by non-lethal electric fences. The researchers say

the study shows that carnivores and humans can live together in much greater densities. They

note that the area examined has doubled the human population density of the U.S., but it also

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