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Behind The Knife: The Surgery Podcast

Journal Review in Surgical Oncology: Perioperative Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced, Resectable, Gastric Cancer

Behind The Knife: The Surgery Podcast

Behind The Knife: The Surgery Podcast

Science, Health & Fitness, Medicine, Education

4.81.4K Ratings

🗓️ 24 January 2022

⏱️ 24 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Chemotherapy or surgery first? What is the contemporary management for patients with locally advanced, resectable gastric cancer, and what does the data show? In this episode from the Surgical Oncology team at Behind the Knife, join the discussion on perioperative treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer and future advances that will benefit surgical patients.

Learning Objectives:
In this episode, we review perioperative chemotherapy regimens for locally advanced, resectable Gastric cancer, standard of care, and the future role for immunotherapy.

Hosts:
Adam Yopp, MD, FACS (@AdamYopp) is an Assistant Professor of Surgery at the UT Southwestern Medical Center and is Chief of the Division of Surgical Oncology. He also serves as Surgical Director of the Liver Tumor Program.

Caitlin Hester, MD (@CaitlinAHester) is a 2nd Year Complex General Surgical Oncology Fellow at the MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Gilbert Murimwa, MD (@GilbertZMurimwa) is a PGY-3 General Surgery Resident at the UT Southwestern Medical Center and a research fellow in the Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research.

Papers Referenced in this Episode:
Perioperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel versus fluorouracil or capecitabine plus cisplatin and epirubicin for locally advanced, resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (FLOT4): a randomised, phase 2/3 trial
Al Batran et al
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)32557-1/fulltext

Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab or Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy Alone for Patients With First-line, Advanced Gastric Cancer. The KEYNOTE-062 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial
Shitara et al
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/2769922

First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
Janjigian et al
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00797-2/fulltext

Please visit behindtheknife.org to access other high-yield surgical education podcasts, videos and more.

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

Behind the Night, the surgery podcast relevant and engaging content designed to help you dominate the day.

0:13.0

Hi, behind the Night. Happy 2002, hoping for a better year this year. I'm Kate Lynn Huster. I'm one of the second year CGSO fellows at MD Anderson. And I am joined by Gilbert Maroma. You want to introduce yourself Gilbert?

0:39.0

Yeah, I'm one of the PGY three residents at UT Southwestern. I'm currently in my first year in the lab.

0:45.0

And we're very excited to come to you today to discuss two key trials for gastric cancer. One for the operative management of localized gastric cancer.

1:02.0

And then one that is actually for non resectable locally advanced gastric cancer or metastonic gastric cancer, but that we feel have implications to eventually translate over into the surgical cohort of patients.

1:17.0

And so the first study we're going to be talking about is the flat four study. And Gilbert, do you want to just tell us a little bit of background on why the flat four study came to be?

1:33.0

Yeah, absolutely. So before flat came about, there was the magic trial which kind of set up the standard of care for patients with gastric cancer that was locally advanced, but resectable. And despite advances in therapy and treatment survival will still

1:49.0

be unacceptably low for these patients. And so there are ongoing trials and sort of determine what regimen may better improve survival in these patients. And based on some data and the metastatic set in the metastatic section where patients had increased pathological complete response.

2:06.0

Based on this flat regimen, it was moved to a phase two and three trial and the resectable cohort of patients who add up to local advanced disease.

2:15.0

And so when I started residency and even when I was a third year resident at UT Southwestern, where you're sitting right now, Gilbert, we didn't talk about flood that came later on in my residency and the standard of care at that point was magic for gastric cancer and the cross trial for G junction cancer.

2:39.0

And what the magic trial looked at is patients who had localized gastric cancer, whether perioperative chemotherapy, a sandwich approach of ECF.

2:52.0

And with three cycles preoperatively, three cycles postoperatively versus surgery alone, if there were differences and outcomes for those patients.

3:02.0

And indeed, magic found that patients who who received this sandwich approach of perioperative chemotherapy had a five year survival rate of 36% versus those who had upfront surgery with 23%.

3:18.0

And then what cross showed was more of the esophageal aspect of things, the GE junction tumors and established the basis for using platinum based chemotherapy with radiation.

3:31.0

So carbon platinum packed with tax all with radiation to improve survival.

3:36.0

And so from that, we then expanded the way we think about gastric cancer and perioperative chemotherapy and the potential benefits for getting micrometastatic disease control and seemingly localized gastric cancers.

3:55.0

And we have now continue this on to consider different regimens, including the flock.

4:03.0

And so tell us a little bit about what the phase two portion of this study was Gilbert and what the phase three portion of the study is currently that we're presenting today.

4:14.0

The phase two portion of the study covered the first 300 patients of the population and was published back in 2017.

4:22.0

Basically, that showed that flock was superior to ECF or ECX in terms of complete pathological response, which coincided with the data that kind of launched the reason for this.

4:32.0

So they saw a rate of 15% versus 6% in the phase two portion of the trial and then carried it out to phase three and rolling the rest of this trial and looking at a primary and way of overall survival.

4:44.0

Okay.

...

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