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Science Diction

It'll Never Fly: When Gene Names Are TOO Fun

Science Diction

Science Friday and WNYC Studios

Friday, Society & Culture, Science, Origin, Culture, Words, History, Word, Language

4.8610 Ratings

🗓️ 7 July 2021

⏱️ 25 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In 1910, a fruit fly geneticist named Thomas Hunt Morgan noticed something strange in one of his specimens. Out of his many, many fruit flies—all with brilliant red eyes—a single fly had white eyes. This fruit fly turned out to be a very big deal. From those white eyes, Morgan eventually figured out that genes can be sex-linked, confirmed that genes exist on chromosomes, and won the Nobel prize. But he also cemented his legacy another way, with what he chose to name that gene: "white". It might sound uninspired, but it kicked off a tradition that decades later gave us names like spatzle, hamlet, and ken and barbie. Here and there, a name went too far, but overall, fanciful names brought joy to researchers and worked well until genes like these were discovered in humans, and everything went awry. Johanna and Senior Producer Elah Feder team up with Helen Zaltzman of The Allusionist to talk about fruit flies, genes, and whether it’s ok to name a gene after a German noodle. Plus, after much demand, we bring you... the origin of "defenestration"! Guests: Helen Zaltzman is the host of The Allusionist. Credits: Science Diction is produced by Johanna Mayer and Senior Producer Elah Feder. Our composer is Daniel Peterschmidt. Nadja Oertelt is our Chief Content Officer.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Hamlet. What does a mutation in the hamlet gene do? Oh. Um, um, depression, uh, talking to a skull,

0:13.8

uh, really hating your uncle, uh, being a small ham. Um, I'm going to cut you off.

0:22.1

That was very impressive.

0:24.3

From Science Friday, this is science diction.

0:26.8

I'm Johanna Mayer.

0:28.0

And today, we're talking about gene names, fruitfly gene names.

0:32.9

And also defenestration.

0:46.6

Okay. de-penestration. Back in grad school, I spent a lot of time with fruit flies. I was studying evolutionary biology,

0:52.5

doing experiments that honestly rarely worked out. I was not

0:56.7

good at this very basic thing that you don't even have to be a scientist to do, which is keeping

1:02.4

fruit flies alive. Science Diction Senior Producer Ella Fetter. That is me. So I had some long days in the lab

1:09.7

just sorting unconscious fruit flies under a microscope.

1:13.4

And I, you know, I was often bored. And to pass the time, I listened to a lot of Gwen Stefani.

1:23.0

So Hollaback Girl was a big album at the time. But not everyone in the building was a fan of these beats that were coming down the hall.

1:31.4

And one day, this professor from the lab next door suggested that I might listen to, like, anything else.

1:38.8

And he asked me if I'd heard of podcasts, which I had, but I wasn't totally sure what they were, and I was kind of stubbornly

1:45.4

refusing to even find out. It sounded like some trendy new gadget. But I gave it a shot,

1:51.5

which led me here, and in a roundabout way, I have fruit flies to thank for it. So today is a

1:58.1

celebration of fruit flies, and we have company. I am Helen Zaltzman, and I make podcasts including The Illusionist, an entertainment show about language.

2:09.9

And the occasion for all of us getting together, fruit flies. Or to be specific, their genes.

2:17.8

Helen, Helen, so you probably have heard about how some people with COVID have been losing their sense of smell.

2:26.1

Hmm.

...

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