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Picture the teens in your life. Are they getting enough sleep? If not, you might assume they're just falling prey to late nights on social media and school-related stress. But research suggests that for a huge percentage of kids and young adults, low iron levels may be to blame for their fatigue. And it turns out that menstruation poses

a bigger risk to iron levels than many doctors realize. For Scientific American Science Quickly,

I'm Rachel Feldman. My guest today is Angela Wyand, a pediatric chematologist and

clinical associate professor at the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor.

She's here to explain how iron deficiency can affect everything from energy levels to mental health,

regardless of whether it leads to full-blown anemia, and why doctors so often miss it, especially

in adolescence.

Thanks so much for coming on to chat today.

Thanks for having me.

So let's start with a pretty basic question.

What is anemia?

And why is it so important that it's correctly diagnosed?

Sure.

So anemia is when your hemoglobin is low or kind of we think about that as like the number of red blood cells,

which are important cells that carry oxygen to all of your tissues.

It's incredibly prevalent and can cause a lot of problems.

As you can imagine, it's important that we get adequate oxygen to all of our tissues.

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