Hello and welcome to the Zero to Finals podcast. My name is Tom and in this episode I'm going to be talking to you about hip pain in children.

And if you want to follow along with written notes on this topic, you can follow along at 0.0.5.com slash hip pain or in the orthopedic section of the Zero to Finals pediatrics book. So let's get straight into it.

Joint pain is a common pediatric presentation. A particularly common presentation is acute

limp due to hip pain. Hip pain may present differently depending on the developmental age of the child.

They may present with a limp refusal developmental age of the child. They may present with a limp,

refusal to use the affected leg, refusal to weight bear, inability to walk, pain, or a swollen

or tender joint. A tom tip for you, examiners like to test your knowledge about the causes of hip pain in a child.

It's worth being familiar with the differential diagnosis of hip pain and the distinguishing features of each of the causes.

The differential diagnosis will also depend on the age of the child.

So let's go through the different causes of hip pain depending on the age of the child. So let's go through the different causes of hip pain depending on the

age of the child. There will be some overlap in the different ages. Zero to four year old children

with joint pain may be presenting with septic arthritis, developmental dysplasia of the hip,

or transient synovitis.

Children aged 5 to 10 years may be presenting with septic arthritis, transient synovitis, or Perthies disease of the hip, and children aged 10 to 16 years may be presenting with septic arthritis,

slipped up ephemeral epiphysis, or Sufi, or juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

It's worth also keeping safeguarding in mind with all causes of joint pain in all age groups.

There's a few key red flags for hip pain that you need to be aware of.

The features that should make you suspect serious pathology are pain in the joints in a child under three years,

fever, waking at night time with the pain, weight loss in the child,

anorexia, which is a loss of appetite, night sweats, general fatigue, persistent pain in the joint,

stiffness particularly in the morning, or a swollen or red joint.

So let's talk about the management. The criteria for urgent referral for assessment in a limping child,

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