Hi, this is Tom, and in this episode I'm going to be going through

hemolytic uremic syndrome. And you can find notes at zero to finals.com and in the zero to

finals pediatrics book. And you can find flashcards and questions to train your knowledge

at members.0.0.0.com

and at the end of the episode, we'll go through some questions so you can test yourself on what

you just heard. So let's jump straight in. Hemolytic uremic syndrome, or H-U-S, involves thrombosis in the small blood vessels throughout the body,

usually triggered by shigar toxins from either E. coli-0157 or shigella. It most often affects

children following an episode of gastroenteritis.

Antibiotics and antimotility medications, for example leperamide, used to treat gastroenteritis

caused by E. coli-157 or chagella, increases the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Hemolytic uremic syndrome leads to the classic triad of micro-angiopathic hemolytic

anemia, acute kidney injury, and thrombocytopenia, which is a low platelet count.

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, or maha, involves the destruction of red blood cells,

which is hemolysis, due to pathology in the small vessels.

Tiny blood clots or thrombi partially obstruct the small blood vessels and churn the red blood cells as they pass through, causing them to rupture.

The formation of blood clots consumes platelets, leading to thrombocytopinia.

The blood flow through the kidneys is affected by the thrombi, or small blood clots,

and the damaged red blood cells, and this leads to acute kidney injury.

Let's go through the presentation.

E. coli 0157 and chagella cause gastroenteritis.

Dyeria is usually the first symptom, which turns bloody within three days.

Around a week after the onset of diarrhea,

...