Hello and welcome to the Zero to Finals podcast.

My name is Tom and in this episode I'm going to be talking to you about glomerula nephritis.

And you can find written notes on this topic at zero to finals.com slash glomerula nephritis

or in the renal section of the second edition of the zero to finals medicine

book and you can find flashcards and questions to train your knowledge on this content and help

you remember the information longer at members.0 to finals.com so let's get straight into it

glomerial anephytis refers to inflammation of the glomerulmary So let's get straight into it.

Glamylo nephritis refers to inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys.

The glomerulus is the first part of the nephron.

It filters fluid out of the capillaries, out of the blood, and into the renal tubule.

Plimerialinephritis describes the pathology that occurs in various diseases rather than being a disease itself.

Treatment is targeted at the underlying cause

and often involves supportive care and immunosuppression to reduce the inflammation. For example, corticosteroids.

Let's talk about nephritic syndrome. Nephritis is a very generic term for inflammation in the kidneys.

It's a descriptive term and not a diagnosis.

Nephritic syndrome refers to a group of features that occurs with nephritis.

These features are hematuria, which is blood in the urine,

and this can be microscopic, meaning not visible to the naked eye,

or macroscopic, meaning that it's visible,

just by looking at it, oliguria, which is a significantly reduced urine output,

protein urea, which is protein in the urine, but less than three grams of protein per 24 hours, and a higher protein content of the urine indicates nephotic syndrome, which we'll talk about shortly, and finally, fluid retention.

So let's talk about nephotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome occurs when the basement membrane of the glomerulus becomes highly permeable,

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