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Sinica Podcast

Gene-edited babies, CRISPR, and China’s changing ethical landscape

Sinica Podcast

Kaiser Kuo

Culture, China News, Hangzhou, Chinese, International Relations, Chongqing, Beijing, Sichuan, Currentaffairs, China, Politics, Chengdu, Shanghai, Guangzhou, China Economy, News, China Politics, Business, Film, Shenzhen

4.8676 Ratings

🗓️ 17 January 2019

⏱️ 46 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

This week on Sinica, Kaiser and Jeremy chat with Christina Larson, a science and technology reporter for the Associated Press, about a major story that her team broke: the Chinese scientist Hè Jiànkuí 贺建奎 announcement that he had edited the genes of embryos conceived in vitro, and that twin girls had been born, making them — if his claims are true — the world’s first gene-edited babies. We look at the overwhelmingly critical response to this announcement in the Chinese scientific community, among ordinary people, and among officials, as well as what this may mean for the ethical landscape in Chinese science. Please note that this show was taped in December 2018, and since then, He Jiankui has resurfaced, claiming that he’s doing just fine — so far. 15:20: The process by which He Jiankui conducted his research raised concerns throughout scientific circles worldwide. Christina was among a team of Associated Press reporters that spoke with the supposed founder of the hospital HarMoniCare, who allowed He to circumvent submitting his research to an ethical review board. “He told us, quite proudly, that he wasn’t a doctor or scientist, but a hospital property developer.” 24:34: The dodgy science behind a misguided experiment. Christina lists the litany of failures in He’s methodology, principal among them: the genes that were intended to be edited. “But there’s also evidence from the information Hè presented…that only half of the intended genes were edited in one of the two twins.” 31:10: When it comes to medicine, particularly ethically questionable experiments like the one He conducted last year, the stakes are higher. "So, ideally, scientists have peer review and ethical review boards, and technology companies have trade secrets and product launches in beta, because presumably the stakes are lower if it's a social media app. But things get messier in medicine when it's a life-or-death technology. You can't release something like that in beta." Recommendations: Jeremy: The Selfish Gene, by Richard Dawkins, a gene-centered story of evolution. Christina: She Has Her Mother's Laugh: The Powers, Perversions, and Potential of Heredity, by Carl Zimmer, a book on genetic inheritance; also, a story by Christina’s colleagues at the Associated Press on tracing products made in Uyghur internment camps: US sportswear traced to factory in China’s internment camps. Kaiser: The Road to Jonestown: Jim Jones and Peoples Temple, by Jeff Guinn, a dispassionate story of the horrifically tragic story of Jim Jones and the Jonestown Massacre.

This podcast was edited and produced by Kaiser Kuo and Jason MacRonald.

See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Welcome to the cynical podcast, a weekly discussion of current affairs in China, produced in partnership with SubChina.

0:14.5

SubChina is the best way to stay on top of all the latest news from China in only a few minutes a day through our email newsletter, our handy

0:21.4

smartphone app, or at the website at subchina.com. SubChina offers uncensored reporting from

0:27.2

and about China, and you can read about everything from the media policy to the Me Too

0:30.9

movement, from the U.S.-China trade war to China's ongoing draconian repression of Uyghurs

0:35.8

in Xinjiang. We're sure you'll agree that it's a feast of business, political, and cultural news

0:40.7

about a nation that is reshaping the world.

0:43.3

I'm Kaiser Guo, and I'm in Washington, D.C. this week, joining me from fabled Goldcorn

0:47.6

holler, where the air is sweet, the grass is green, and the necks of the locals are a vibrant and appealing shade of bronze is of course

0:54.9

Jeremy Goldcorn editor-in-chief of sub-China. Jeremy, greet the good people, won't you?

0:59.4

Hello, hello, hello, hello, Kaiser. Hello, good people. Oh, dear. Okay, well, let's jump in.

1:07.9

In November, news from China really shook the world again, dominating headlines really until the dramatic arrest in Canada of Huawei's CFO, Meng Huangzhou, and that, you know, grabbed everyone's attention and shifted away. But, you know, in late November, the big news was that a U.S. trained Chinese scientist named He Jianquai had claimed that he had edited the genes of twin babies born in China earlier that month,

1:29.6

altering a gene that codes for a protein used by common forms of HIV, which is, of course,

1:34.8

the virus that causes AIDS, to access cells. And so this edit, this gene edit, using CRISPR,

1:41.4

he claims effectively immunizes the babies against most forms of HIV.

1:47.0

This was not the first time that human genes have been edited using this technology, CRISPR

1:51.1

Cas9, but it was the first time, if his claims are indeed true, that the germ line itself

1:57.3

had been edited and children born with their genomes altered a significant difference.

2:03.5

Reaction to the news was almost uniformly outraged. This isn't surprising coming from Western scientists,

2:10.4

including from Rice University in Houston, where He had studied. But in China, where conversations

2:16.5

about the ethics of technology aren't as common as in the West, it was remarkable that Hew's announcement was greeted with such condemnation, not only by the scientific community, but also by officialdom.

2:28.3

Institutions and individuals associated with Hu Jiang Kui quickly moved to distance themselves from him and to disavile

...

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