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This is Scientific American's 60-second science. I'm Christopher in Taguata.

Climate change may be partly to blame for the massive die-off of pine trees in the western U.S.

But it works the other way, too. Forest die-offs can alter the global climate.

I like to think of this as kind of a parallel to something like El Niño.

Abigail Swan, an ecological climatologist at the University of Washington.

And we think these are going to also have climate impacts far away from where those forests are dying.

So it's going to ricochet to other places in the globe.

To model those ricochet effects, Swan and her colleagues use climate simulations

to wipe out forests

and replace them with grasslands in the western U.S., the Amazon, or both. They found that losing

forests in one part of the globe does indeed affect climate very far away. And that could be negative

in a lot of places. It could be bad for the ecosystems in those other places, but you could come up with scenarios where, you know, it makes the conditions a little bit better.

For example, killing off trees in Western North America leads to cooler temps globally. That

outcome means lower productivity in Siberian forests, a negative. It also dries up forests in the

Carolinas, another negative, but conditions will get

wetter in eastern South America, a positive for the forest there. The results are in the journal

Plus One. One surprise, though, was that when researchers erased forests in both the Amazon

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