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Ladies and gentlemen welcome aboard. Thank you for joining us. Today is part three of the China Files.

Today's title, Kong Buludarei-Niang-Wang Chow, the people's dynasty of horror.

Where we last left off in our tale, Chairman Mao had just passed away. It was the height of the cultural revolution.

Purges were happening all over the party and all over the country. Millions of people were dying. The pressure was on that if you weren't considered a true Maoist.

You could be killed, be persecuted, to the point where you might even want to commit suicide before they came for you and your family.

In the midst of all of this, Chairman Mao himself, the great Helmsman, passes away. His body is later put on display at the Mausoleum.

And a new leader emerges to become the paramount supreme leader of the party, supreme leader of China, even though he never takes the title himself officially.

And that man is the minuscule, Deng Xiaoping. Now Deng Xiaoping, he had been around in the CCP from the early days. He was a member of that long march. He fought with the Red Army.

But one thing that was different between Deng Xiaoping and Mao, as there were many differences between Deng Xiaoping and Mao, was that Deng Xiaoping had had foreign experiences as a young man.

Chairman Mao only ever left China once that we know of in order to go to Moscow to attend a meeting with Joseph Stalin in the 1940s.

Deng Xiaoping, on the other hand, had spent time overseas. Deng Xiaoping in his very early years had an opportunity to travel to France as an overseas worker.

In fact, many Chinese traveled overseas as workers in the late 1800s, of course, famously building a railroad in the United States, the Transcontinental Railroad, and then in other chances, he had he worked in France.

And so at 16 years old Deng Xiaoping traveled steered class on a working ship to France as an overseas worker, where he worked in a steel factory and iron factory.

He was given a job as a fitter, and actually years later during the Cultural Revolution, when he himself was purged by Mao and by the party, he was sent to a factory.

This is 50 years later, he sent to a factory to work yet again as a fitter, and it turns out that he still knew trade. He was still a master of the craft.

So Deng Xiaoping has this European background. He studied in France for a little bit, at least in middle school, that we know of, and then comes in.

He's one of the people that during the Great League forward, the party looked to, and he had risen through the ranks, and they looked to him to establish some kind of economic reform, to find some kind of way to peel back from the hard line communism and the hard line come you.

And then he comes you policies of chairman Mao that led to the mass starvation. So Deng Xiaoping began injecting market reforms and introducing market reforms, both after the Great League forward, and then later, when Mao died and Deng Xiaoping became really his successor.

And then he introduced a new policy into China, he called it Kaigua Kaifang reform and opening up, and essentially what he did, and keep in mind, this is after the meeting with Nixon, after the meeting with Kissinger, Joe and Lai is still around, he's one of the premieres of China.

And then he started helping start opening China to the west, and he allows specifically foreign direct investment to come into China, realizing that communism has been a failure in terms of economics, but then not wanting to lose power with the over the entire country from political perspective.

And then he said to say something about chairman Mao, and there's a famous saying from Deng Xiaoping, he's a famous for being a pragmatist, and one of his famous sayings about chairman Mao and they asked him was, was Mao good was malbad.

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