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The Science of Everything Podcast

Episode 145: Relativity and Black Holes

The Science of Everything Podcast

James Fodor

Natural Sciences, Science, Social Sciences

4.8750 Ratings

🗓️ 30 June 2024

⏱️ 86 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Continuing our series on General Relativity, we discuss the derivation of the Schwarzschild metric as a vacuum solution to Einstein's Field Equations, and analyse the physical meaning of this solution, including the properties of the singularity, event horizon, and effects of time dilation and length compression. We then consider how solutions like the Schwarzschild metric yield testable predictions such as gravitational lensing and graviational redshift, which serve as important evidence in support of General Relativity. We conclude with a discussion about some of the more exotic aspects of black holes, including Hawking radiation, the no hair theorem, and the black hole information loss paradox. Recommended pre-listening is Episode 136: Introduction to General Relativity. If you enjoyed the podcast please consider supporting the show by making a PayPal donation or becoming a Patreon supporter. https://www.patreon.com/jamesfodor https://www.paypal.me/ScienceofEverything

Transcript

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0:00.0

Oh, wow, oh, oh, wow, oh, wow, oh, wow.

0:13.0

Oh, wow.

0:15.0

Oh, my. Hello, you're listening to The Science of Everything podcast, episode 145, Relativity and Black

0:39.4

Holes.

0:40.3

I'm your host, James Fodor.

0:42.5

This episode is a continuation of the discussion of general relativity, which we began in

0:48.2

episode 136, which is the prerequisite for this episode.

0:52.9

In that episode, we talked about general relativity and

0:57.2

explained the notion of space time and how we describe velocity, distance and curvature of space

1:04.2

time using mathematical formalisms and how we combine these formalisms together to yield Einstein's field equations, which loosely

1:14.0

say that the curvature of space-time is proportional to the energy and matter content of

1:21.1

space-time.

1:22.3

And I explained how Einstein's field equations are a series of 10 coupled nonlinear partial differential equations,

1:31.4

which means that they're very complex and difficult to solve for any realistic cases.

1:36.6

However, I did say that there are some closed form, meaning sort of simply mathematically

1:42.4

describable solutions known to Einstein's field equations,

1:46.9

and I'd talk about them in a future episode. Well, now is that future episode, or at least one of

1:52.0

those future episodes, where we'll talk about solutions to Einstein's field equations. And in

1:57.4

particular, in this episode, we're going to focus on the Schwartzschild metric and how

2:01.8

it's able to describe or predict and describe the existence of black holes. So we'll talk about

2:07.1

deriving the Schwarzschild metric, how to interpret the resulting metric, and then we'll see

2:13.4

how the resulting metric yields predictions, which have been experimentally verified and thereby

...

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