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This is Scientific Americans' 60 Second Science.

I'm Clara Moskowitz. Got a minute?

Astronomers have discovered a trove of galaxies that are virtually invisible,

because they're made almost entirely of dark matter.

The Subaru telescope in Hawaii spotted 854 of these oddballs,

which are referred to as ultra-diffuse galaxies, by detecting what little light they do produce. They were all found in what's called the coma cluster

of galaxies. The report is in the astrophysical journal letters. Of course, scientists still do not

know just what dark matter is, but they can detect its presence

through its gravitational effects on the normal matter that we can see.

That's how we know that dark matter seems to be ubiquitous in the universe, especially

in these newly found, barely visible galaxies.

Many of these galaxies are about the size of our Milky Way, but contain just a thousandth as many stars.

Researchers estimate that dark matter accounts for 99% of these galaxies mass. How such objects

could form is a mystery. They probably started out with a healthy complement of star-forming gas,

just like normal galaxies, but somehow lost it. The gas might have blown away as the galaxies moved through the coma cluster,

or maybe other galaxies' gravity dragged it off.

Further study of these ultra-diffuse galaxies should clarify the situation,

...