Hello and welcome to the Zero to Finals podcast.

My name is Tom and in this episode I'm going to be talking to you about

cows milk protein allergy.

If you want to follow along with written notes on this topic,

you can follow along at zero definals.com slash cows milk allergy

or in the immunology section of the Zero to Finals Pediatrics book.

So let's get straight into it.

Cows milk protein allergy is a condition that affects infants and young children under three years of age.

It involves hypersensitivity to the protein in cow's milk.

This may be IGE mediated, in which case there's a rapid response to the cow's milk occurring within two hours of ingestion. It can also be non-IGEe-mediated,

with reactions occurring slowly over several days after cow's milk congestion.

This is different to lactose intolerance and cow's milk intolerance.

People with cow's milk protein allergy do not have an allergy to lactose.

Lactose is a sugar and not a protein.

Cow's milk intolerance is not an allergic process and does not involve the immune system.

Cows milk protein allergy is more common in formula-fed babies and those with a personal or family history of other atopic conditions such as hay fever, eczema and asthma. So how does it present?

Cows milk protein allergy usually presents before one year of age. It may become apparent when

they're weaned from breast milk to formula milk or to food that contains milk such as yoghurt.

It can present in breastfed babies when the mother is consuming dairy products

that's managing to get into the breast milk.

It presents with gastrointestinal symptoms such as bloating and wind,

abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting,

...