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This is Scientific American's 60-second science. I'm Christopher in Taliatta.

If you have heart disease, your doctor might tell you, eat more vegetables, a tactic that has limited success.

Getting people to change their diets is actually pretty hard.

So these are lessons I would give over and over again, and I would think, why is this so hard to do?

Jennifer L. Smith is a nurse researcher at the University of Kentucky, who now has a preliminary

answer about why change is so hard. It might depend on your genes, specifically whether or not

you're genetically predisposed to perceive bitterness, and therefore bitter veggies.

So broccoli is definitely one of them.

They tend to be cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, Brussels, sprouts,

asparagus.

If you ever took that test in science class where you put a piece of paper on your tongue,

see if it tastes bitter, you might already know your bitter status.

What Smith did is take saliva

samples from 175 adults known to be at risk of cardiovascular disease. She then did a genetic test

to determine whether they had a copy of a bitter taste gene variant. She also had them fill in a

questionnaire about their eating habits. After controlling for factors like age, gender, income, and so on,

Smith found that people with a copy of the bitter-sensitive gene variant were just 40% as likely

...