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Listen to the world on your local public radio station and wherever you for joining the American Revolution. This week, episode 366, Rhode Island, and the Treaty of New York. So this week we're going to talk about two

different subjects. The first is the ratification of Rhode Island, finally making it the 13th

state to join the union. The other is a treaty that took place in New York with the Creek

Indians. In our last regular episode, we talked about George Washington's

State of the Union address, where he laid out an agenda for the new session of Congress in 1790.

In that address, Washington noted with satisfaction that North Carolina had ratified the Constitution,

making it the 12th state to join the Union.

That left Rhode Island as the loan holdout. The Constitution, by its own terms, went into effect

when nine of the 13 states had ratified. The ninth state ratified the Constitution in June of 1788.

By the time that the elections were organized in late 1789,

11 states had ratified. Only North Carolina and Rhode Island had refused to ratify in time for the elections.

North Carolina, bowied by the proposal of the Bill of Rights and also seeing threats of trade sanctions if they did not ratify,

finally ratified the Constitution in November of 1789. We discussed Rhode Island's refusal to

ratify a few months ago. As you may recall, much of the reason for the refusal was financial.

A populist government had been elected, which had flooded the

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